What is Industrial Tech? We define industrial technology as the application of software platforms and hardware to reduce manufacturing costs, create new capabilities, and opti- mize equipment performance. Specifically, the value propositions include: • real-time monitoring and data driven decision-making, • predictive maintenance, • increasing asset utilization, • reducing operating costs & times, • minimizing raw materials usage, • and better safety / compliance. For industrial companies, applying industrial technology effectively will drive cost savings through the optimization of their assets, as well as bring revenue from novel business models. For example, Yard Club (funded by a16z and ac- quired by Caterpillar in May 2017), allows industrial companies to rent (rath- er than own) manufacturing equipment, similar to how businesses leverage cloud services today. By renting equipment, industrial companies can reduce upfront capital investment and position themselves for growth. The most interesting technology companies in industrial technology mone- tize value from actionable insights generated from novel datasets. They are not reliant on “big data” moonshots built upon far-reaching innovations that will struggle for years to become economically viable. Instead, they pull from the APIs of existing equipment and inexpensive off-the-shelf sensors / actu- ators at the “edge.” The “edge” includes individual machines within factories and remote equipment such as engines, oil wells, refineries, power plants, and commercial HVAC systems. Sensors have been used on industrial machinery for decades to measure physical properties including temperature, pressure, chemical composition and velocity. However in the past, sensors were stand- alone devices providing one-off readings rather than connected devices uti- lized for real-time data analysis.

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